5 Famous Mountain Railways of India You Must Experience
India is home to some of the most scenic mountain railway routes in the world. Built through challenging terrains, deep valleys, dense forests, and steep hills, these railways are engineering marvels that continue to attract tourists from across the globe. Among them, three mountain railways have earned recognition as UNESCO World Heritage Sites under the Mountain Railways of India designation.
These charming toy trains offer breathtaking views and a memorable travel experience. Let’s explore five of the most famous mountain railways in India.
1. Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (DHR) is one of India’s most iconic mountain railways. Established in 1881, it connects New Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling in West Bengal. The narrow-gauge railway covers a distance of approximately 88 kilometres and passes through beautiful tea gardens, forests, and mountain landscapes.
One of the highlights of the journey is the famous Batasia Loop and Ghum Railway Station, which is among the highest railway stations in India at an altitude of over 2,200 metres. Due to its historical and engineering significance, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.

2. Nilgiri Mountain Railway
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway connects Mettupalayam with Udhagamandalam (Ooty) in Tamil Nadu. This picturesque railway route stretches for around 46 kilometres and is famous for its unique rack-and-pinion system, which helps trains climb steep gradients.
The journey passes through tunnels, bridges, waterfalls, and lush green forests of the Nilgiri Hills. The railway was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2005 and remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in South India.

3. Kalka-Shimla Railway
The Kalka-Shimla Railway is another UNESCO-recognized mountain railway. Opened in 1903, it connects Kalka in Haryana with Shimla, the capital city of Himachal Pradesh.
The route stretches approximately 96 kilometres and passes through more than 100 tunnels, hundreds of bridges, and stunning Himalayan landscapes. Travelers enjoy spectacular views of pine forests, valleys, and hill towns throughout the journey. The railway was included in the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2008.

4. Neral-Matheran Hill Railway
Located in Maharashtra, the Neral-Matheran Hill Railway connects Neral with the popular hill station of Matheran. This narrow-gauge railway covers around 20 kilometres and climbs through dense forests and scenic mountain slopes.
Matheran is India’s only automobile-free hill station, making this toy train journey even more special. The route offers beautiful views of the Western Ghats and is a favorite among nature lovers and weekend travelers.
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5. Kangra Valley Railway (Pathankot–Jogindernagar)
The Kangra Valley Railway operates between Pathankot in Punjab and Jogindernagar in Himachal Pradesh. Covering around 164 kilometres, this narrow-gauge railway offers some of the most stunning views of the Dhauladhar mountain range.
The train passes through tea gardens, rivers, valleys, and small hill towns, making it one of the most scenic railway journeys in Northern India. Though not a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is considered one of India’s most beautiful heritage railway routes.

Conclusion
The mountain railways of India are more than just transportation systems; they are living examples of India’s rich railway heritage and engineering excellence. Whether it is the UNESCO-listed Darjeeling, Nilgiri, and Kalka-Shimla railways or the charming routes of Matheran and Kangra Valley, each journey offers unforgettable views and experiences.
If you love train travel, nature, and heritage tourism, these mountain railways should definitely be on your travel bucket list. Also need food on the go, TravelKhana delivers food delivery on train right at your seat. Simply visit TravelKhana website or download Travelkhana app and enjoy your favorite food across India.







